The companies aim to explore the use of agentic AI, powered by Microsoft’s cloud and data infrastructure, to advance real-time precision neurology and next-generation brain-computer interface (BCI) therapeutics.
Barcelona-based InBrain develops a graphene-neural BCI platform as an adjunctive therapy for treating Parkinson’s disease. In 2023, InBrain received FDA breakthrough device designation for the technology. It kicked off the first-in-human study last fall. The company also added $50 million in a Series B funding round a month later.
Graphene, a two-dimensional material made of a lattice of carbon atoms, is stronger than steel and thinner than a human hair. It utilizes a combination of electrical and mechanical properties. InBrain says its neural platform enables ultra-high signal resolution, using machine learning software to decode therapy-specific biomarkers. It delivers highly focused, adaptive neuroelectronic therapy that re-balances pathological neural networks.
(Learn more about InBrain in MassDevice’s top BCI stories of 2025.)
The company’s BCI technology integrates intelligent computing and graphene-based materials to decode and modulate real-time brain activity. InBrain already has positive first-in-human clinical results for its technology, reported in July. InBrain continues to expand as well, with the company recently collaborating with the Mayo Clinic with plans to strengthen its U.S. footprint.
With Microsoft, InBrain aims to leverage the tech giant’s Azure AI infrastructure, including time-series LLMs and data analytics. It hopes to enable its intelligent neural platform to continuously learn and adapt to individual patient signals.
InBrain said the agentic AI approach, where AI systems act autonomously based on real-time data, could potentially transform the treatment and monitoring of neurological disorders. It hopes to offer closed-loop precision interventions for conditions like Parkinson’s, epilepsy and psychiatric or memory disorders.
Commentary from InBrain and Microsoft officials
Carolina Aguilar, CEO & co-founder, InBrain Neuroelectronics, said:
“Our vision is to create the most intelligent, autonomous, and personalized interface between the nervous system and AI. By collaborating with Microsoft, we’re combining our precision graphene neural technology with one of the world’s most powerful AI ecosystems. This partnership brings us closer to a future where brain-computer interfaces don’t just decode or modulate, but truly understand and respond to the nervous system in real time, making the nervous system, the body OS.”
Clare Barclay, president of Enterprise and Industry, EMEA at Microsoft, said:
“This collaboration highlights the next frontier of AI. InBrain’s work sits at the intersection of neuroscience, bioelectronics, and AI, and we are proud to provide the data foundation and computational infrastructure that will help accelerate their mission to improve neurological health worldwide.”
